马克思现代性批判中的时间观:一种类型学的视角

The View of Time in Marx's Criticism of Modernity:A Typological Perspective

在马克思思想发展史中,时间具有多重类型学内涵:对于抽象时间和感性时间的分析在世界观意义上确定了时间的感性性质;对社会时间和意义时间的分析从本体论角度展示了人类社会时间的现实辩证图景;对劳动时间和剩余时间的剖析在政治经济学视角揭示了时间是如何同资本结合进而阻碍了人的发展和解放的。在现代性批判的视域下,马克思的时间观是一个融合了哲学、人学、政治经济学等等,以人类解放为使命,以资本、劳动和时间的关系为核心的理论范式。我们要根据当代资本主义现代性新变化不断加深对马克思时间观的理解,深化对资本主义的现代性批判。

In the development history of Marx’s thought, time has multiple typological connotations: the analysis of abstract time and perceptual time determines the perceptual nature of time in the sense of world outlook;The analysis of social time and meaning time shows the realistic dialectical picture of human social time from the perspective of ontology;The analysis of labor time and surplus time reveals how time combined with capital hinders human development and liberation from the perspective of political economy.From the perspective of modernity criticism, Marx’s view of time is a theoretical paradigm integrating philosophy, humanities, political economics and so on,take human liberation as its mission and takes the relationship among capital, labor and time as its core. We should constantly deepen our understanding of Marx’s view of time and deepen our criticism of the modernity of capitalism according to the new changes of the modernity of contemporary capitalism.