细菌降解双酚类化合物的分子机制研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of bacterial degradation of bisphenols

双酚类化合物(bisphenols,BPs)作为工业原料及药物和个人护理品的重要成分之一,在自然界中广泛分布。BPs作为类雌性激素造成的生态风险已成为全球备受关注的环境问题之一。研究人员使用不同方式分离得到菌株或菌群,尝试对BPs进行无害化降解,目前已取得了一些重要的研究进展。本文对近年来细菌降解BPs的相关研究进行了系统梳理,重点关注以双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)为典型BPs的细菌降解,总结不同路径中的关键作用基因,讨论相同路径中酶的差异及作用方式,并分析其对BPA的降解效果。本文也简要总结了双酚S(bisphenol S,BPS)和其他BPs的细菌降解研究情况。通过总结讨论现有成果,分析细菌降解BPs中尚需深入研究的内容,探寻未来BPs细菌降解机理及应用的研究方向。

Bisphenols(BPs)are widely distributed in nature due to their extensive use as important components in industrial raw materials and pharmaceutical and personal care products(PPCPs).The ecological risks caused by BPs as estrogen-like hormones have aroused global concerns.Significant progress has been achieved in the microbial degradation of BPs as researchers have isolated a variety of bacterial strains or consortia via different approaches.This review summarizes relevant recent studies,focusing on key bisphenol A(BPA)-degrading genes in different pathways of degradation.The enzymes in the same pathways and their modes of action are compared in detail,and the effects of these enzymes on BPA degradation are analyzed.We review the research progress on the degradation of BPs by bacteria and discuss the future research directions on the mechanism and application of bacterial degradation of BPs.