基于时空拥挤度与BIM的建筑应急疏散路径优化

Optimization of Building Emergency Evacuation Route Based on Temporal and Spatial Congestion and BIM

目的为解决传统建筑应急疏散路径优化合理度低的问题,提出基于时空拥挤度与BIM优化建筑应急疏散路径优化。方法设置建筑应急疏散路径优化时空指标,通过计算时空指标权重,判断建筑应急疏散路径时空拥挤度,优先选择时空拥挤度小的建筑应急疏散路径,在此基础上,基于BIM计算建筑应急疏散路径信息素浓度,建立建筑应急疏散路径优化适应度函数,实现建筑应急疏散路径优化。结果设计实例分析,结果表明,设计的路径优化方法建筑应急疏散路径优化合理度明显高于对照组。结论设计的基于时空拥挤度与BIM的建筑应急疏散路径优化方法,能够解决传统建筑应急疏散路径优化合理度低的问题。

Objective To solve the problem of low rationality in the optimization of emergency evacuation routes in traditional buildings,the optimization of building emergency evacuation routes based on temporal and spatial congestion and BIM was proposed.Methods The space-time index of building emergency evacuation route optimization was set first,and after calculation of the spatio-temporal congestion degree of the building emergency evacuation route by calculating the weight of the spatio-temporal index,the emergency evacuation route of the building with a small degree of time-space congestion was given priority to.On this basis,after calculation of the building emergency evacuation based on BIM path pheromone concentration,the fitness function of building emergency evacuation route optimization was established to realize the optimization of building emergency evacuation route.Results The design case analysis showed that the rationality of the designed route optimization method for building emergency evacuation routes was significantly higher than that of the control group.Conclusion The designed building emergency evacuation route optimization method based on temporal and spatial congestion and BIM can solve the problem of low rationality of traditional building emergency evacuation route optimization.