经皮椎体成形术后骨水泥分布类型对骨质疏松老年骨折患者的康复效果分析

Effect of bone cement distribution type after PVP on rehabilitation effect in elderly patients with osteoporosis

目的:分析经皮椎体成形术(PVP)后骨水泥分布类型对骨质疏松老年骨折患者的康复效果。方法:选取邹平市人民医院2018年12月—2020年1月收治的88例老年骨质疏松骨折患者,所有患者均实施PVP手术治疗,根据术后骨水泥分布类型,将患者分为甲(n=26)、乙(n=30)、丙(n=32)三组。甲组1级弥散等级、乙组2级弥散等级、丙组3级弥散等级。在术前、术后1周、术后3个月,比较三组疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分、骨折椎体局部后凸Cobb角测量结果、功能障碍指数(ODI)评分及并发症发生率。结果:术前三组患者VAS、ODI评分及后凸Cobb角水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1周及术后3个月,三组VAS、ODI评分及后凸Cobb角水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);乙组与丙组并发症发生率分别为3.33%、3.13%均低于甲组的15.38%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:患者骨水泥弥散分布等级,与经皮椎体成形术后骨质疏松性压缩性骨折患者的效果存在一定联系,当患者骨水泥弥散分布等级越高时,患者VAS、ODI评分以及后凸Cobb角越低,且患者并发症发生率较低。

Objective To investigate the effect of bone cement distribution after PVP on rehabilitation and re fracture in elderly patients with osteoporosis.Methods A total of 88 elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures admitted to Zouping People’s Hospital from December 2018 to January 2020 were selected as the research objects.All patients were treated with PVP surgery.According to the distribution type of postoperative bone cement,the patients were divided into three groups:GROUP A(n=26),group B(n=30)and group C(n=32).Visual analogue scale(VAS)score,Cobb Angle measurement,dysfunction index(ODI)score and incidence of complications were compared among the three groups before surgery,1 week and 3 months after surgery.Results There were no significant differences in VAS score,ODI score and kyphosis Cobb Angle between the three groups before surgery(P>0.05).VAS score,ODI score and kyphosis Cobb Angle were significantly different among the three groups 1 week and 3 months after surgery(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in group B and group C was 3.33%and 3.13%,respectively,lower than 15.38%in group A,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The degree of bone cement diffusion distribution in patients is associated with the effect of patients with osteoporotic compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty.The higher the degree of bone cement diffusion distribution in patients,the lower the VAS,ODI scores and kyphosis Cobb Angle,and the lower the complications of patients.