母亲教养压力与小学一年级学生睡眠问题的关系

Association between maternal parenting stress and sleep problems among first-grade primary students

目的 了解北京市6~8岁小学一年级儿童睡眠现状,探索母亲教养压力与儿童睡眠之间的关系,为减少儿童睡眠问题的发生提供科学依据。方法 对北京儿童生长与健康队列(PROC)的参与者开展线上调查。由家长完成儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)和父母教养压力问卷(PSI-SF),纳入同时完成两份问卷且父母教养压力问卷由母亲回答的1 136对小学一年级学龄儿童及其母亲作为研究对象。采用Logistic回归分析母亲教养压力与儿童睡眠之间的关联。结果 小学一年级学生睡眠问题发生率为78.52%,有睡眠问题儿童的母亲教养压力问卷得分(86.66±17.31)高于无睡眠问题儿童的母亲(78.59±17.75)(t=6.42,P<0.01)。在调整混杂因素后,多因素Logistic回归结果显示,与没有教养压力的母亲相比,母亲有教养压力时儿童存在睡眠问题的风险增加(OR=2.52,95%CI=1.55~4.11,P<0.01);在以PSI-SF中3个维度为自变量进一步分析时,结果显示,相比母亲在育儿压力、困难儿童2个维度没有压力的小学生,母亲有压力的小学生存在睡眠问题的风险增加(OR值分别为1.66,1.76,P值均<0.05)。结论 小学一年级学生普遍存在不同程度的睡眠问题,为母亲提供心理支持以减少母亲教养压力的发生,可以减少儿童睡眠问题。

Objective To investigate the sleeping status of the first-grade primary students aged 6-8 in Beijing,to investigate the association between maternal parenting stress and children’s sleep,and to inform intervention of addressing sleep problems among children in Beijing.Methods Online survey was conducted based on the child cohort study designed to study puberty,obesity,and cardiovascular risk(PROC).The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ) and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form(PSI-SF) were completed by parents,and 1 136 school-aged children and their mothers were included as study participants.Logistic regression models were used to determine the association between maternal parenting stress and children’s sleep.Results The prevalence of sleep problems among first-grade primary students was 78.52%.Among the children who received PSI-SF,the score of children with sleeping problems(86.66±17.31) was higher than that of the children with no sleeping problems(78.59±17.75)(t=6.42,P<0.01).After adjusting sociodemographic characteristics,multivariable logistic regression results showed children of mothers with parenting stress were more likely to have sleep problems(OR=2.52,95%CI=1.55-4.11,P<0.01).Taking 3 dimensions in PSI-SF as independent variables,the analysis indicated that compared with the children having mothers free from parental stress and difficult children,the children with mothers with parental stress were more likely to suffer from the sleeping problems(OR=1.66,1.76,P<0.05).Conclusion Sleep problems are prevalent among first-grade primary students,and it underscores providing psychological support to alleviate maternal parenting stress to address children’s sleep problems.