母亲妊娠期疾病对青少年抑郁情绪的影响

Impact of gestational complications on adolescent depression

目的 了解广州市青少年抑郁情绪发生情况及母亲妊娠期疾病对青少年抑郁情绪的影响,为青少年抑郁的预防提供科学依据。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,于2017年在广州市11个区抽取808所中小学,调查96 756名10~20岁青少年的父母他评抑郁症状以及母亲妊娠期疾病情况。结果 父母他评青少年存在轻微、中度、重度抑郁情绪的发生率分别为5.5%,3.5%和0.5%。单因素分析显示,青少年抑郁情绪的严重程度与母亲妊娠期高血压、糖尿病、胆汁淤积症、甲状腺功能减退、甲状腺功能亢进、贫血、病毒性肝炎关联均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.42~158.91,P值均<0.01);多因素Logistic回归显示,母亲患有妊娠期糖尿病(OR=1.41,95%CI=1.18~1.68)、妊娠期甲状腺功能减低(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.15~2.26)、妊娠期甲状腺功能亢进(OR=1.40,95%CI=1.03~1.91)、妊娠期贫血(OR=1.46,95%CI=1.35~1.59)、妊娠期合并病毒性肝炎(OR=1.67,95%CI=1.38~2.02)与青少年父母他评抑郁严重程度呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论 母亲妊娠期患糖尿病、甲状腺功能减退、甲状腺功能亢进、贫血以及病毒性肝炎可能对青少年抑郁情绪及严重性有影响。

Objective To investigate the incidence of adolescent depressive symptoms in primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou and the effect of gestational complications on adolescent depression,so to provide scientific basis for depression prevention among adolescent.Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 808 primary and secondary schools in 11 districts of Guangzhou.A total of 96 756 parents of adolescents aged 10-20 were surveyed for adolescents depressive symptoms and maternal gestational complications.Results The parental reported rates of mild,moderate and major depressive symptoms of adolescents were 5.5%,3.5%,and 0.5%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the severity of adolescent depression symptoms had statistical significance with maternal gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes mellitus,cholestasis,hypothyroidism,hyperthyroidism,gestational anemia and viral hepatitis(χ~2=12.42~158.91,P<0.01).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that maternal gestational diabetes mellitus(OR=1.41,95%CI=1.18-1.68),hypothyroidism during pregnancy(OR=1.61,95%CI=1.15-2.26),and hyperthyroidism during pregnancy(OR=1.40,95%CI=1.03-1.91),anemia during pregnancy(OR=1.46,95%CI=1.35-1.59),and viral hepatitis during pregnancy(OR=1.67,95%CI=1.38-2.02) were positively correlated with the severity of adolescent depression symptoms reported by parents(P<0.05).Conclusion Gestational diabetes mellitus,gestational hypothyroidism,gestational hyperthyroidism,gestational anemia and gestational viral hepatitis are associated with adolescent depressive symptom.