学龄期儿童体质现状及其与汉语阅读能力的关联

Correlation between physical fitness and reading ability among school-aged children

目的 了解学龄期儿童体质健康与汉语阅读能力现状及两者的关联,为提升儿童的阅读能力提供依据。方法 采用整群抽样方法,对湖北省武汉市某小学二至六年级1 923名学龄期儿童进行问卷调查,内容包括基本人口学信息及汉语阅读能力筛查(《儿童汉语阅读障碍筛查量表》及《儿童学习障碍筛查量表》)。同时对研究对象进行体质健康测试,包括身高、体重、肺活量、50 m跑、坐位体前屈、1 min跳绳、1 min仰卧起坐、50 m×8往返跑。结果 检出汉语阅读障碍儿童共59名。正常儿童在体质总分、1 min跳绳评分、1 min仰卧起坐评分、坐位体前屈评分上均高于汉语阅读障碍儿童(P值均<0.05)。多重线性回归分析显示,女童的阅读能力高于男童(β=-3.04,P<0.01),经常参加较大强度体育锻炼及体质评分越高的儿童阅读能力越强(β值分别为-1.68,-0.08,P值均<0.01);与父母文化程度初中及以下的儿童相比,父母文化程度越高的儿童阅读能力越强(P值均<0.05)。结论 性别、父母受教育程度、经常参加的体育锻炼强度及体质水平为学龄期儿童汉语阅读能力的相关因素,儿童的体质健康水平与阅读能力存在正向关联。

Objective To determine the association between physical health fitness with Chinese reading ability of school-aged children,so as to provide evidence for improving children’s reading ability.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 923 school-aged children in grades 2-6 in a primary school in Wuhan,Hubei Province,China.The questionnaire included basic demographic information and Dyslexia Checklist for Chinese Children and the Pupil Rating Scale-Revised Screening.At the same time,participants underwent physical fitness tests which included an assessment of height,weight,and lung capacity,as well as a 50-meter run,sit-forward bend,one-minute skipping rope task,sit-ups,and a 50 × 8 round trip.Results A total of 59 children were identified with dyslexia.Normal children achieved higher scores than children with dyslexia in the total physical health score,as well as the one-minute skipping rope score,one-minute sit-up score,and sitting forward score(P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analyses showed that the reading ability of girls was higher than that of boys(β=-3.04,P<0.01),and the children who regularly participated in more intense physical activity and who had higher fitness scores had a higher reading ability(β=-1.68,-0.08,P<0.01).Children’s reading ability increased significantly with parental educational level(P<0.05).Conclusion Gender,parents’ education level,physical exercise intensity,and children’s physical fitness were identified as influencing factors of school-age children’s reading ability.A positive correlation was found between children’s physical health level and reading ability.