创伤性脑损伤住院患儿主要照顾者负担及其影响因素

Burden of Main Caregivers of Hospitalized Children with Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Influencing Factors

目的 调查创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)住院患儿的主要照顾者负担现状并分析影响因素,为开展相关干预提供参考。方法 2020年4月至2021年5月,采用便利抽样选取深圳市某三级甲等儿童医院神经外科TBI住院患儿的主要照顾者128例为研究对象,采用一般情况调查表、Zarit照顾者负担量表(Zarit caregiver burden interview,ZBI)、简易应对方式问卷(simplified coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)对其进行调查,分析负担的影响因素。结果 TBI住院患儿的主要照顾者ZBI得分为31.5(24.00,40.75)分。SCSQ中积极和消极应对维度均分分别为(23.30±5.55)和(10.04±4.64)分。TBI住院患儿的主要照顾者Ln ZBI评分在患儿TBI分类、住院天数、有无后遗症、有无入住ICU、照顾者学历及月均收入上的差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。入住ICU、消极应对、有后遗症、月均收入为TBI住院患儿的主要照顾者负担的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论 住院TBI患儿主要照顾者负担处于中度,应重点关注入住ICU、消极应对、有后遗症和家庭收入低的群体。

Objective To investigate the burden of main caregivers during hospitalization of children with traumatic brain injury(TBI)and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for relevant intervention.Methods From April 2020 to May 2021,128 main caregivers of children with TBI who were hospitalized in the department of neurosurgery of a tertiary A children’s hospital in Shenzhen were selected by convenience sampling method.Questionnaire surveys were conducted with the general questionnaire,Zarit caregiver burden interview(ZBI)and simplified coping style questionnaire(SCSQ)to analyze the influencing factors.Results The ZBI score of main caregivers was 31.5(24.00,40.75).The scores of positive and negative coping styles in SCSQ were(23.30±5.55)and(10.04±4.64)respectively.Ln ZBI scores of the main caregivers of hospitalized children with TBI showed statistically significant differences in TBI classification,length of stay,sequelae,intensive care unit(ICU)admission,educational background and monthly income of caregivers(all P<0.05).Conclusions The burden of main caregivers of hospitalized TBI children is of moderate level,and special attention should be given to the families with ICU admission,negative coping style,sequelae and low monthly household income.