面向事件本体的医学文本语义关联化研究

Research on Semantic Relevance of Medical Text Oriented to Event Ontology

随着互联网医疗的快速发展,数字经济和智能经济成为未来必然发展趋势,医学知识的语义化和规范化是实现智慧医疗和数字医学的重要手段。但现阶段较为成熟的医学本体仅仅描述了一些既定的静态知识,无法揭示医学知识之间的动态关联。因此,以知识表示和知识组织为出发点,构建符合叙事性文本特征的医学知识结构化表示方法具有十分重要的意义。本文在梳理叙事学理论、事件知识表示的基础上,按照是否具有叙事性特征,将医学文本分为叙事性文本和概念性文本;然后,分别对概念性医学文本和叙事性医学文本进行语义建模与表示,构建基于事件本体的医学知识本体模型;最后,根据本文提出的概念模型,实现SARS-CoV-2病毒入侵过程的语义结构化表示。初步标注的实验结果表明,将事件本体模型迁移到医学文本语义结构化描述中,有助于实现医学文本的深层次表示和知识发现,能更好地描述医学知识之间的动态关联,更好地表征医学对象在时间和空间的动态发展特点。

With the rapid development of Internet-based medicine,digital and smart economies have become inevitable development trends of the future.The semanticization and standardization of medical knowledge is an important means to realize smart medical and digital medicine.However,the more mature medical ontology at this stage only describes some established static knowledge and cannot reveal the dynamic relationships within medical knowledge.Therefore,based on knowledge representation and organization,it is very important to construct a structured representation of medical knowledge that meets the characteristics of narrative text.This study started from the basic theory of narratology and knowledge representation of events.First,based on whether it has narrative characteristics,medical texts are divided into narrative and conceptual texts.Then,the conceptual and the narrative medical texts were semantically modeled and represented,and the medical knowledge ontology model based on the event ontology was constructed.Finally,according to the conceptual model proposed in this paper,the semantic structured representation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus invasion process is realized.The experimental results of preliminary labeling show that the migration of the event ontology model to the semantic structured description of medical text is helpful to realize the in-depth representation and knowledge discovery of medical text.This can better describe the dynamic relationships within medical knowledge and can efficiently characterize the dynamic development characteristics of medical objects in time and space.