宋代诗学句法论视阈下的“健”

Research on Jian(健)under the Vision of Poetic Syntax Theory of the Song Dynasty

尚健是北宋中叶以后诗学批评的一种审美风尚。宋人重句法,往往从语言层面谈“健”。宋人认为实字、拗律、偏枯对、倒装等句法打破常规,在字句之间塑造了一种审美张力,给予读者一种“陌生化”的阅读体验,造成审美心理的失衡,这种张力就是“健”的来源。而“健”之所以成为宋人普遍推崇并追求的理想风格之一,与当时尊杜、学杜的诗学风潮密切相关,体现了宋人“奇正相生”的诗法精神。

“Jian(健)”is an aesthetic trend of poetic criticism after the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty.People in the Song Dynasty paid attention to syntax and often talked about“jian”from the language level.People in the Song Dynasty thought that the syntax of content words,the law of discord,“piankudui(偏枯对)”and inverted sentences created an aesthetic tension between words and sentences,giving readers a“strange”reading experience,and caused the imbalance of aesthetic psychology.This tension is the source of“jian”.The reason why“jian”became one of the ideal styles that Song people generally respected and pursued was closely related to the poetic trend of respecting Du(杜甫)and learning from Du at that time,which reflected the poetic spirit of“qi zheng xiang sheng(奇正相生)”of Song poets.