siRNA纳米给药系统治疗结直肠癌的研究进展

Research progress of siRNA nano-drug delivery systems in the treatment of colorectal cancer

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer,CRC)是癌症死亡的最常见原因之一,病人的死亡率全球逐年增加。传统的化疗治疗效果不理想,且有严重的副作用和多药耐药性等问题。小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)可特异性沉默靶基因,与纳米载体递送系统相结合可克服治疗CRC的生物学屏障,提高治疗效果,是一种具有临床转化潜力的治疗方法。本文作者讨论了siRNA递送系统包括脂质、高分子聚合物和无机纳米载体颗粒以及靶向载体纳米递送系统用于治疗CRC的最新研究进展,阐明了基于siRNA纳米给药系统治疗CRC的优势,并展望了未来siRNA递送的发展方向。

Objective Colorectal cancer(CRC)is one of the most common causes of cancer death and the mortality of patient increases year by year worldwide.Traditional chemotherapy has failed to cure advanced cancers developing multi-drug resistance(MDR)and has acute side effects due to nonspecific distributions.Small interfering RNA(siRNA)can specifically silence the oncogenes and MDR-associated genes.Combined with nanocarrier delivery system,siRNA can overcome the biological barriers for the treatment of CRC and improve the therapeutic effect,which will be a promising therapeutic method with clinical transformation potential.This review discusses the latest research progress of siRNA delivery systems,including lipids,polymer,and inorganic nanocarrier particles for the treatment of CRC,clarifies the advantages of siRNA-based nano-drug delivery systems,and prospects and insights into the future development direction of siRNA delivery.