人参内生菌种类、化学成分及生物活性研究进展

Research progress on species,chemical composition and biological activities of endophytes in Panax ginseng

人参是一种传统名贵中药,具有大补元气、安神益智等功效。人参内生菌普遍存在于人参各组织部位中,具有丰富的多样性,已报道的人参内生真菌和细菌共计80余属、170余种。人参内生菌除可产生与宿主植物相同或相似的皂苷类化学成分外,还可产生众多独特的活性成分如甾醇类、萜类、黄酮类、脂肪酸类等,具有抗肿瘤、抑菌、抗氧化等多种生物活性。本文对人参内生菌的最新研究进展及其生物活性成分等方面进行综述,并指出人参内生菌目前研究领域存在的问题以及未来可行方向,以期为名贵中药人参及其内生菌的药用价值开发应用提供科学依据和参考。

Objective Panax ginseng as a kind of precious traditional Chinese medicines,has the effects of invigorating vital energy,tranquilizing the mind and promoting the intelligence.Ginseng endophytes,with rich diversity,are commonly found inside the various tissues of ginseng.A total of more than 80 genera and 170 species of ginseng endophytic fungi and bacteria have been reported.In addition to generating the same or similar saponins as their host plants,endophytes in ginseng can also produce many unique chemical components such as sterols,terpenes,flavonoids,fatty acids and so on.These active substances possess a variety of biological activities such as antitumor,antibacterial and antioxidation.This paper reviews the lasted research status of ginseng endophytes and their bioactive components,and discusses the existing problems in the current research field and the future feasible research directions of ginseng endophytes,which aims to provide scientific basis and reference for the development and application of the medicinal value of precious Chinese medicine ginseng and its endophytes.