弱反射处理技术在渤海花状断层成像中的应用

Application of weak reflection processing technology in Bohai Sea of flower shaped faults

渤海古近系地层中存在弱反射地层,地层中的花状断层会加剧地震能量衰减,造成断层下伏地层成像困难,断层的绕射波偏移归位同样会影响花状断层成像效果。为此,应用偏移距域弱反射信号能量补偿技术和高斯射线束偏移技术进行攻关。结果表明,偏移距域弱反射信号补偿技术和高斯射线束叠前深度偏移技术对于古近系馆陶组花状断层成像有明显效果,成像精度得到改善,断层接触关系清楚,馆陶组地层反射结构清晰,为油气勘探提供了高质量的地震剖面。

The Paleogene strata of the Bohai Sea is featured by weak reflection. The flower shaped faults in the strata will aggravate the attenuation of seismic energy and make it difficult to image the underlying strata. The diffraction wave migration and self-returning of the faults will also affect the imaging effect of the flower shaped faults. Therefore, the energy compensation technology of weak reflection signal in offset domain and Gaussian ray beam migration technology are used to solve the key problems. The results show that the offset domain weak reflection signal compensation technology and Gaussian ray beam pre-stack depth migration technology have obvious effects on solving the flower shaped fault imaging of Paleogene Guantao formation. In the end, the imaging accuracy has been improved, the fault contact relationship and the stratigraphic reflection structure of Guantao formation have been made clear, which provides a high-quality seismic profile for oil and gas exploration.