晶状体类器官培养技术的发展与挑战

Development and challenge of human lentoid bodies generation

类器官培养技术是目前干细胞领域的研究热点,即在体外培养与体内器官高度相似的,具有立体结构与生理功能的器官样细胞群。目前,利用人源性多能干细胞培养人晶状体类器官,即晶状体小体的构建已经实现并在不断地演进,双凸透明、具备天然晶状体所有组分以及屈光性能的晶状体类器官作为一种可靠的人晶状体体外模型,在研究晶状体发育机制上优势显著,在此基础上建立的年龄相关性白内障和先天性白内障的体外疾病模型,更为白内障的病理机制研究、潜在药物筛选带来了极大的便利性与可靠性,在白内障基础研究乃至于临床转化上具有广阔的前景。

Organoid is one of the hottest areas of research in the field of stem cells,which is an organ in a dish with three-dimensional structure and physiological functions that are highly similar to organs in vivo.At present,the generation methods of lens organoids,namely the lentoid bodies,have been established and continuously developed.The double-convex transparent lentoid bodies,with refractive function and all microscopic components of natural lenses,act as reliable in vitro models of human lenses and provide convenience for studying the mechanism of lens development.Moreover,the establishment of age-related cataract and congenital cataract models based on the lentoid bodies also provides great convenience and reliability for the study of pathological mechanism of cataract and drug screening,showing broad prospects in basic research and even clinical transformation for cataract.