旱区6种灌木抗旱性评价及鉴定指标的筛选

Evaluation of Drought Resistance of Six Shrubs in Arid Area and Selection of Identification Indexes

选用西北地区6种常见的绿化灌木葱皮忍冬、鞑靼忍冬、台尔曼忍冬、金花忍冬、水栒子和水蜡的2年生扦插苗,在人工控水条件下,采用盆栽试验,设置4个不同水分梯度T1、T2、T3和T4进行干旱胁迫处理,测定6种灌木受干旱胁迫下的生长指标、光合生理指标和代谢生理指标,利用相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数值、聚类分析和灰色关联度等5种评价方法,对各指标进行了干旱胁迫下的抗性评价和抗旱指标筛选。结果表明:1)以各指标耐旱系数为评价标准,各品种的耐旱性不尽相同,但各单项指标间均存在一定相关性;2)主成分分析和隶属函数分析结果表明,9个鉴定指标可分为4类,累计贡献率大于93%,并且金花忍冬的抗旱性最强,D值为0.721,葱皮忍冬的抗旱性最弱,D值为0.041,抗旱性由大到小排序为:金花忍冬、鞑靼忍冬、水栒子、水蜡、台尔曼忍冬、葱皮忍冬,通过D值进行聚类分析表明,鞑靼忍冬和金花忍冬为一类,抗旱性最强,葱皮忍冬为一类,其抗旱性最弱;3)采用灰色关联度分析结果表明,单叶叶面积与灌木的抗旱性关联度最大大于0.65,关联度最小的是株高,关联度小于0.60,这2项指标与抗旱性均为负相关。

The biennial cutting seedlings of six common greening shrubs in northwest China were chosen as the experimental materials,including Lonicera ferdinandii,L.tatarica,L.tellmanniana,L.chrysantha,Cotoneaster multiflorus,and Ligustrum obtusifolium.Under artificial water-controlled conditions,four different water gradients:T1,T2,T3,and T4 for drought stress treatment were set throughout the pot experiment.The growth,photosynthetic physiology,and metabolic physiology indexes of the six shrubs under drought stress were measured.And the comprehensive evaluations of the six shrubs and the selection of drought tolerance indexes were analyzed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis,subordinate function coefficient analysis,fuzzy clustering,and grey correlation analysis.The results showed that 1)taking the drought tolerance coefficient of each index as the evaluation standard,the drought tolerance of each variety was not the same,but there existed a close correlation among each index.2)Principal component analysis and membership function analysis results indicated that the nine appraisal indicators could be divided into four types,the cumulative contribution rate was more than 93%,and the drought resistance of the L.chrysantha was the strongest with D value of 0.721,and the drought resistance of the L.ferdinandii was the weakest with D value of 0.041.The order of drought resistance of the six plants was L.chrysantha>L.tatarica>C.multiflorus>L.obtusifolium>L.tellmanniana>L.ferdinandii.3)The grey correlation analysis results showed that the leaf area had the greatest correlation with the drought resistance of the shrub,its correlation was more than 0.65,and plant height had the least correlation with the drought resistance,its correlation degree was less than 0.60.Both of these two indicators had a negative correlation with drought resistance.