5种鼠尾草属植物的耐湿热性研究

Heat and Humidity Tolerance of Five Salvia Species

为探究具有较高观赏价值的鼠尾草属植物的耐湿热性,以马德雷鼠尾草、腺毛鼠尾草、紫红鼠尾草、总苞鼠尾草、‘山顶公园’药用鼠尾草为试验材料,分析5种鼠尾草在40℃/35℃(昼/夜)、空气湿度90%~95%、土壤湿度95%~100%模拟环境下的形态变化,以及叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、细胞质膜透性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、可溶性蛋白含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量的变化。结果表明,在高温高湿胁迫下,5种鼠尾草均受到不同程度的伤害;SPAD随着胁迫时间的延长而下降,相对电导率变化趋势则相反;SOD活性、MDA含量呈现先上升再下降的变化趋势,两者之间存在一定关联;可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量总体呈上升趋势,说明5种鼠尾草在湿热胁迫下产生了一定的适应性,但不同鼠尾草的调节机制侧重不同,其中马德雷鼠尾草、腺毛鼠尾草和‘山顶公园’药用鼠尾草以增加脯氨酸含量为主,而总苞鼠尾草以增加可溶性蛋白为主,紫红鼠尾草两者均不突出。使用隶属函数法对5种鼠尾草进行耐湿热性综合评定,结果为:‘山顶公园’药用鼠尾草>腺毛鼠尾草>紫红鼠尾草>马德雷鼠尾草>总苞鼠尾草。

To explore the heat and humidity tolerance of Salvia species with high ornamental value,Salvia madrensis,S.viscosa,S.iodantha,S.involucrata'Bethellii',S.officinalis'Berggarten'were used as the test materials to analyze the morphological changes,chlorophyll relative content(SPAD),plasma membrane permeability,superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,soluble protein content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,and free proline(Pro)content under the simulated environment of 40℃/35℃(day/night),90%-95%air humidity and 95%-100%soil humidity.The results showed that the five Salvia species were damaged with various degrees.SPAD decreased with the prolongation of stress time,but the result of relative conductivity was opposite.SOD activity and MDA content increased first and then decreased,and there was a certain correlation between them.Proline and soluble protein contents in general were on the rise,indicating that five Salvia species presented certain adaptability to heat and damp stress,but different species exhibited different regulating mechanism.S.madrensis,S.viscosa,and S.officinalis'Berggarten'mainly increased proline content,while S.involucrata'Bethellii'mainly increased soluble protein,S.iodantha did not stand out.The membership function method was used to comprehensively evaluate the damp-heat resistance of five Salvia species,and the results were as S.officinalis'Berggarten'>S.viscosa>S.iodantha>S.madrensis>S.involucrata'Bethellii'.