桑叶提取物对生长猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Mulberry Leaf Extract on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Digestibility and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Growing Pigs

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的桑叶提取物(MLE)对生长猪生长性能、养分表观消化率及血清生化指标的影响。选择体重为(23.84±3.11) kg的健康宁乡猪杂交F1代(杜洛克×宁乡猪)240头,随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,3个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.05%、0.10%、0.15%MLE。试验猪自由采食和饮水,预试期5 d,正试期43 d。结果显示:1)随着MLE添加水平的增加,生长猪的末重呈线性增加(P<0.05),平均日采食量(ADFI)和平均日增重(ADG)均呈线性和二次变化(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.10%和0.15%MLE组生长猪的末重、ADFI和ADG均显著提高(P<0.05)。2)生长猪的总能和有机物表观消化率随MLE添加水平的增加呈线性和二次变化(P<0.05);与对照组相比,0.05%、0.10%和0.15%MLE组总能和有机物表观消化率均显著提高(P<0.05);粗脂肪表观消化率随MLE添加水平的增加呈线性增加(P<0.05);粗纤维表观消化率随MLE添加水平的增加呈二次变化(P<0.05)。3)生长猪的血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量随MLE添加水平的增加呈线性升高(P<0.05),且0.10%和0.15%MLE组的上述3种免疫球蛋白含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。4)生长猪的血清总胆固醇(TCHO)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量随MLE添加水平的增加呈线性降低(P<0.05),0.10%和0.15%MLE组血清TCHO和LDL含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加MLE能够改善生长猪的生长性能,提高养分表观消化率,增强机体免疫能力,调节血液脂质代谢。在本试验条件下,生长猪饲粮中MLE的适宜添加水平为0.10%。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different supplemental levels of mulberry leaf extract(MLE)on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility and serum biochemical indexes of growing pigs. A total of 240 healthy hybrid pigs F1(Duroc × Ningxiang pig)with the average weight of(23.84±3.11)kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 pigs per replicate. The pigs in control group were fed a basal diet,while those in three experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05%,0.10% and 0.15% MLE,respectively. Pigs were fed ad libitum feed and drinking water. The experiment lasted for 43 days after an adaptation period of 5 days. The results showed as follows:1)with the increase of MLE supplemental level,the final body weight of growing pigs increased linearly(P<0.05),and the average daily feed intake(ADFI)and average daily gain(ADG)showed linear and quadratic changes(P<0.05). Compared with the control group,the final body weight,ADFI and ADG of growing pigs in 0.10% and 0.15% MLE groups were significantly increased(P<0.05). 2)The apparent digestibility of gross energy and organic matter of growing pigs had linear and quadratic changes with the increase of MLE supplemental level(P<0.05). Compared with the control group,the gross energy and organic matter apparent digestibility in 0.05%,0.10% and 0.15% MLE groups was significantly increased(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of ether extract was linearly increased with the increase of MLE supplemental level(P<0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude fiber showed a quadratic change with the increase of MLE supplemental level(P<0.05). 3)The contents of immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M in serum of growing pigs increased linearly with the increase of MLE supplemental level(P<0.05). The contents of above three kinds of immunoglobulins in 0.10% and 0.15% MLE groups were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05). 4)The contents of total cholesterol(TCHO)and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)in serum of growing pigs decreased linearly with the increase of MLE supplemental level(P<0.05). The serum TCHO and LDL contents in 0.10% and 0.15% MLE groups were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05). These findings suggest that dietary supplemented with MLE can improve the growth performance,increase the apparent digestibility of nutrients,enhance the body immunity,and regulate the blood lipid metabolism of growing pigs. The recommended supplemental level of MLE in the diet of growing pigs is0.10% under this experimental condition.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2022,34(5):2862-2871]