承德市森林碳汇价值核算及其相关问题研究

Forest Carbon Sink Value Accounting and Related Issues Study in Chengde City

森林在社会、经济和生态环境保护中发挥着重要作用。为了促进承德市森林固碳效益的发挥,加强森林资源的有效配置,促进承德市“双碳”目标的实现,采用蓄积量扩展法对承德市森林碳汇价值进行了核算,并对相关问题进行了探讨。结果表明,2008—2020年,承德市森林碳储量年复合增长率为7.92%,森林幼龄林碳汇量最大,过熟林碳汇量最小。2020年,承德市活立木和森林碳汇价值量分别为2.18亿元和2.15亿元,分别占当年承德市GDP的0.141%和0.138%,说明森林碳汇仍然具有较大的发展潜力。研究也对森林碳汇价值核算的多效益、森林碳汇核算的最优价格、城市林业发展及碳汇市场建设等问题进行了讨论,并建议承德市应提高森林经营管理水平,增加森林单位面积蓄积量等,进一步发挥碳汇效益,促进“双碳”目标的实现。

To promote forest carbon sequestration benefits playing a major role in Chengde city, strengthen the effective allocation of forest resources, improve the management level of forest resources in Chengde city, and provide some references for the accounting of forest carbon sequestration in other cities in China.(1) The method of stock expansion is mainly employed to conduct the accounting of physical forest carbon sink, and the relevant parameters are mainly from the actual study and related research data.(2) In value accounting, the optimal price model is adopted to determine the price of forest carbon sink, and the monetary value of forest carbon sink in Chengde city is calculated on the basis of physical accounting.Results:(1) The carbon storage of standing forest in Chengde city was 18.086 1 million tons in 2008 and 45.134 5 million tons in 2020, with a compound annual growth rate of 7.92%from 2008 to 2020, and the forest carbon sink increased by 2.254 0 million tons annually.(2)The carbon sink of different types of forest shows that the carbon sinks of standing forest, forests,open forests and scattered trees in Chengde city from 2008 to 2020 were 2.254 0 million t, 2.2290 million t, 16 100 t and 0.900 t, respectively.(3) Among the carbon storage of different forest ages, in 2008, the carbon storage of young forest and middle age forest in Chengde was the largest(13.302 8 million t), and that of over-mature age forest was the smallest(329 100 t). In2020, the carbon storages of young forest and over-mature age forest were 33.197 million t and821 200 t, respectively.(4) According to the upper limit of the optimal price of carbon sink, in2008, the forest carbon storage monetary value in Chengde city was 1.729 billion yuan, and these of open forests and scattered trees were 0.12 billion yuan and 0.07 billion yuan respectively. In 2020, carbon storage values of standing forest, open forests and scattered trees were4.315 billion yuan, 31 million yuan and 17 million yuan, respectively. From 2008 to 2020, the carbon sequestration values of standing forest, forests, open forests and scattered trees were 218 million yuan, 215 million yuan, 0.02 million yuan and 0.01 million yuan, respectively.(5) The carbon sink values of different forest ages were calculated as follows: in 2008, the carbon storage value of young forest and middle age forest in Chengde was the largest, which was 1.286 billion yuan, while that of over-mature forest was the smallest, which was 32 million yuan. In 2020, the carbon storage values of young forest and over-mature age forest were 3.209 billion yuan and0.79 million yuan, respectively. From 2008 to 2020, the carbon sink values of young forest and over-mature age forest were 160 million yuan and 400 million yuan, respectively. The carbon sink value of young forest accounted for 74.42% of the forest carbon sink value, and the overmature age forest only accounted for 1.86% of its value, which indicate that forest carbon sink industry in Chengde city has great potential for development and there is a large space for development in realizing the goal of "dual carbon".(6) In 2020, the carbon sink values of standing forest and forests in Chengde were 218 million yuan and 215 million yuan, accounting for 0.141% and0.138% of Chengde’s GDP of 155.03 billion yuan, respectively.The research basically found out the "family property" of Chengde’s forest carbon sink,which can provide a reference for the realization of the "dual carbon" goal and the development of low-carbon green economy, and also can provide a basis for the accounting of other cities’ forest carbon sink. Study also discussed about the more benefit of forest carbon sink accounting, the optimal pricing in accounting of forest carbon sinks and development of urban forestry carbon sequestration market in Chengde city. It is suggested that Chengde city should raise the level of forest management, enhance forest stock volume of per unit area, further play major role in carbon sequestration benefits, and promote the realization of "double carbon" goal in Chengde city in the future.