儿童慢性自发性荨麻疹698例回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of 698 children with chronic spontaneous urticaria

目的 总结儿童慢性自发性荨麻疹(CSU)的临床特点。方法 回顾性分析2020年1月至2021年6月就诊的CSU患儿的临床资料。结果 共纳入698例CSU患儿,男356例、女342例;中位发病年龄为4.0(2.0~7.0)岁,1~7岁474例(67.9%),为高发年龄段;中位病程6.0(3.0~12.0)月。119例(17.1%)发病前有感染、食物、疫苗等诱发因素。伴发特应性疾病者最多,共211例(30.2%)。79例患儿进行了抗核抗体(ANA)检查,16例(20.3%)阳性。共84例CSU患儿进行了25-(OH)D检测,中位血清25-(OH)D水平为55.1 nmol/L(26.3~80.6 nmol/L),对照组为70.2 nmol/L(55.9~93.5 nmol/L),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 儿童CSU有自身的临床特点,存在一定比例ANA阳性以及25-羟维生素D水平较低的现象,值得关注。

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) in children.Methods The clinical data of children with CSU from January 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Results A total of 698 children (356 boys and 342 girls) with CSU were enrolled,and the median age was 4.0 (2.0-7.0) years.The commonest age group was 1-7 years old (474 cases,67.9%).The median course of disease was 6.0 (3.0-12.0) months.There were predisposing factors such as infection,food and vaccine in 119 children (17.1%) and there were 211 children (30.2%) with atopic diseases.Antinuclear antibody (ANA) test was performed in 79 patients,and 16 patients (20.3%) were positive.A total of 84 children with CSU were tested for 25-(OH) D,and the median level of 25-(OH) D was 55.1 nmol/L (26.3-80.6 nmol/L),compared with 70.2 nmol/L (55.9-93.5 nmol/L) in the control group,the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Chronic spontaneous urticaria in children has its own clinical characteristics.There is a certain proportion of positive antinuclear antibody and 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency,which deserves attention.