多场景下的列车线路碰撞试验台线路设计方法

Railway line design method of train to train collision test bench under multiple scenarios

研建专业的列车线路碰撞试验台对于科学再现列车碰撞冲击响应、真实评估列车碰撞安全性能具有重要意义。为满足标准规定的多种碰撞场景下的试验需求,针对列车线路碰撞试验台的线路开展方案设计,实现有限的设计空间内机车驱动加速、碰撞试验以及碰撞后制动等试验过程的合理分配。基于MotionView动力学仿真软件,构建3种碰撞场景下列车的三维多刚体动力学仿真模型,该模型包含驱动、制动和碰撞3种载荷工况。基于MoltionSolve动力学求解器,分别针对3种碰撞场景开展动力学仿真分析,研究不同碰撞场景下各节车辆的运行距离和运行速度随时间变化规律,得到了各个试验过程所需线路的最小长度。研究结果表明:综合考虑3种碰撞场景,最终确定线路设计方案为机车驱动段线路长度为830 m,碰撞试验段线路长度为120 m,试验后制动段线路长度为550 m。并通过与一次5编组列车线路对撞试验的对比,验证了提出的线路设计方案的合理性。该线路设计方案完全可以满足碰撞场景1和场景2的所有碰撞试验过程,碰撞场景3的机车驱动加速工况和试验后制动工况可以利用外围环线进行。

The development and construction of a professional train to train collision test bench is of great significance for scientifically reproducing the impact response of trains and truly assessing the safety performance of trains.In order to meet the requirements of crash tests under multiple collision scenarios,this paper carried out research on the train to train collision test bench railway line design,to realize the reasonable allocation of the test processes such as locomotive driving,crash test and post-collision braking in a limited design space.Based on the MotionView dynamics software,a train 3D dynamics simulation model in three collision scenarios was constructed.This model included 3 load conditions,which were driving,braking and collision.Based on the MoltionSolve dynamics solver,the dynamic simulation analysis was carried out for the three collision scenarios.And the running displacement and velocity of each process of the vehicle under different collision scenarios were studied.The minimum length of the railway line required for each test process was obtained.Considering three collision scenarios,the final railway line design plan was determined as the length of the locomotive driving section is 830 m,the length of the collision test section is 120 m,and the length of the post-collision braking section is 550 m.Through a comparison with a 5-formations train line collision test,the rationality of the proposed line design plan was verified.This plan can meet the test requirements of collision scenarios 1 and 2,and the locomotive driving and the post-collision braking process in the collision scenario 3 can be carried out by using the peripheral loop railway.