建设工程项目员工偏离行为的影响组态研究

Influence configurations of employee deviant behavior in construction projects

高目标要求、高压、重负荷的建设工程项目情境易导致员工产生偏离行为,为建设工程项目的目标实现带来困难与挑战。研究旨在探索建设工程项目员工偏离行为的影响因素组合,为员工消极行为的多元化抑制策略提供指导。基于组态视角,结合工作要求−资源模型和溢出−交叉影响观点,通过配对调查,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法,分析员工及配偶的工作家庭冲突、员工工作投入与工作家庭支持对偏离行为的影响组态。结果发现,2类抑制建设工程项目员工偏离行为的组态,分别为以员工的低家庭干扰工作和配偶的高工作干扰家庭为核心的溢出交叉传递型、以员工的高工作投入和高家庭支持为核心的资源支持主导型。本研究丰富了建设工程项目情境下员工消极行为的相关理论,为项目管理者提供了减少员工偏离行为的思路和建议。

The project context characterized by high target requirements,high pressure and heavy load tends to lead to individual deviant behaviors,which bring difficulties and challenges to achieve the goals of construction projects.The study aimed to explore the combination of influencing factors for deviant behavior in construction projects and provide guidance for diversified suppression strategies of employees’negative behavior.Based on the configurational perspective,combined with the job demand-resource model and the spillover-crossover perspective,this paper analyzed the impacts of couples’work-family conflict,work engagement and work-family support on deviant behavior by using a paired survey and the method of fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis.The results indicate two configurations of inhibiting deviant behavior in construction projects,which are spillover crossover passing type focused on employees’non-high family interference with work and spouse’s high work interference with family,and resource support dominated type centered on employees’high work engagement and high family support.This study enriches the theories related to individual negative behavior in construction project contexts and provides project managers with ideas and suggestions on how to reduce employees’deviant behaviors.