3种水草搭配模式对河蟹生长及水环境的影响

Estimation on growth performance of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis and water qualities under three different combination modes of aquatic plants

为探究水草搭配模式对河蟹的生长性能及水体环境的影响,以河蟹池塘养殖最常用的3种水草为基础,设计了伊乐藻、伊乐藻+轮叶黑藻、伊乐藻+黄丝草3种水草搭配种植模式,进行了河蟹养殖对比试验。试验结果:从养殖河蟹的产量和规格来看,3种模式下河蟹的体质量差异不显著(P>0.05),伊乐藻+黄丝草模式可以获得较高的河蟹产量;从肝胰腺和性腺发育情况来看,单独种植伊乐藻组河蟹的肝胰腺和性腺发育最好,其次为伊乐藻+黄丝草组,伊乐藻+轮叶黑藻组较差;从养殖水质净化效果来看,伊乐藻+黄丝草组效果最好,其次为伊乐藻+轮叶黑藻组,最差的是伊乐藻单独种植模式。结果表明,从经济效益、生态效益等方面综合考虑,3种水草搭配模式中,伊乐藻+黄丝草的搭配模式最佳,其次为伊乐藻+轮叶黑藻,单独种植伊乐藻最差。

To explore the effects of three different aquatic plant combination modes on water qualities and growth performance of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis,juvenile E.sinensis were divided into 9 ponds(average area of 1000 m 2)with 3 combination modes of aquatic plant:Elodea+Potamogeton maackianus mode(Mode A),Elodea+Hydrilla verticillata mode(Mode B)and Elodea mode(Mode C).The results showed that the highest production and final body weights were both observed in Mode A,but no significant difference was observed.Crabs in Model C had the highest values of hepatopancreas index and gonadal index,and the lowest values were obtained in Mode B.For water purification,the best water quality was observed in Mode A and the worst water quality was observed in Mode C.Results of present research indicated that Mode A had better economic and ecological benefits than other two Modes.