重庆市巴南区30~79岁居民饮酒情况及相关因素分析

Analysis of alcohol consumption and related factors of residents aged 30 to 79 years in Banan District,Chongqing

目的了解重庆市巴南区30~79岁居民的饮酒情况和过量饮酒的危险因素,为政府和相关部门开展限酒的健康教育活动、实施有关政策和措施提供科学依据。方法依托西南区域自然人群队列研究,采用整群随机抽样的方法,2018年抽取重庆市巴南区30~79岁居民进行饮酒情况横断面调查。采用卡方检验和多因素Logistic回归分析了解重庆市巴南区自然人群饮酒现况及其影响因素,检验水准α=0.05。结果2018年重庆市巴南区共调查2533名30~79岁居民,饮酒率为53.2%,其中男性饮酒率为66.9%,女性饮酒率为40.6%;在饮酒对象中,过量饮酒率为2.7%。男性平均每周纯酒精摄入量为(45.20±94.97)g,女性平均每周纯酒精摄入量为(2.70±10.50)g。饮酒类型以高度数的白酒、配制酒和啤酒为主。性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、收入水平、吸烟情况都对饮酒行为有影响(P<0.05)。过量饮酒率仅与性别(P<0.001)、年龄组(P=0.004)和吸烟现状(P<0.001)有关。结论重庆市巴南区30~79岁该年龄段居民的饮酒率较高,且男性饮酒率和过量饮酒率远高于女性。男性、高年龄组和吸烟者过量饮酒的可能性更高。为了减少饮酒带来的健康问题,应加强酒驾、未成年人购买酒精饮品的监管,健康促进和教育并针对性制定适合我国的酒精税收政策等公共健康策略和措施。

Objective To understand drinking status and the influence factors of excessive drinking of residents in Banan District,Chongqing,so as to provide a scientific basis for the government and relevant departments to carry out health education and implement relevant policies and measures.Methods Based on the natural population cohort study in southwest China,a cross-sectional survey about drinking status among residents aged 30~79 years was conducted by using a cluster random sampling method in Banan District of Chongqing in 2018.Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the current drinking status and related factors of excessive drinking in Banan District,Chongqing.Results In 2018,a total of 2533 residents aged 30~79years were surveyed in Banan District of Chongqing.The drinking rate of the total sample was53.2%,and the drinking rates in males and females were 66.9%and 40.6%,respectively.The excessive drinking rate was 2.7%.On average,males weekly drank 45.20±94.97 g of alcohol,and females weekly drank 2.70±10.50 g of alcohol.The drinking types were mainly high-quality liquor,mixed liquor and beer.Gender,marital status,education level,occupation,income level and smoking status were associated with drinking behaviors of Banan district population(P<0.05).Excessive drinking was significantly correlated with gender(P<0.001),age(P=0.004)and smoking status(P<0.001).Conclusions The drinking rate of urban individuals aged 30~79 years was relatively high in Ba’nan District of Chongqing.Moreover,the drinking rate and excessive drinking rate of males were considerably higher than that of females.Males,older age groups,and smokers were associated with increased risk for drinking excessively.In order to reduce the health problems caused by drinking,it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of drunk driving and the purchase of alcohol by juvenile,health promotion and education,and formulate public health strategies and measures suitable for our country,such as alcohol taxation policies.