应用纤维支气管镜对河南省商丘市及周边地区小儿慢性咳嗽病因构成及治疗的探究

Application of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in the Etiological Composition and Treatment of Chronic Cough in Children in Shangqiu City and Surrounding Areas of Henan Province

目的:回顾性分析纤维支气管镜对河南省商丘市及周边地区小儿慢性咳嗽病因构成及治疗效果的影响。方法:选取2019年1~12月本院急诊收治的435例慢性咳嗽患儿,按照家属意愿(是否同意纤维支气管镜检查)将其分为对照组(212例)和观察组(223例)。对照组患儿采用常规呼吸内科治疗方法,观察组采用纤维支气管镜检查,并根据诊断结果采取相应的治疗措施。记录并比较不同年龄、性别患儿慢性咳嗽病因,两组患儿一般资料(包括性别、年龄、体重、病程、家庭月收入)、出院时疗效、治疗前后咳嗽症状评分等。结果:3岁以下患儿慢性咳嗽主要病因为感染后咳嗽(PIC),其次为上气道咳嗽综合征(UACS);3~6岁患儿慢性咳嗽主要病因为UACS,其次为咳嗽变异性哮喘(CVA);6岁以上患儿慢性咳嗽的主要病因为CVA,其次为UACS。男性患儿慢性咳嗽的主要病因为UACS,其次为CVA;女性患儿慢性咳嗽的主要病因为PIC,其次为CVA。观察组患儿出院时总有效率高于对照组(χ^(2)=8.15,P<0.05);治疗后2周、1个月和3个月观察组患儿咳嗽症状评分低于对照组(P<0.05),具有统计学意义。结论:UACS、CVA、PIC是商丘市及周边地区小儿慢性咳嗽的主要病因,而纤维支气管镜检查有助于患儿的明确诊断,有助于提高患儿慢性咳嗽的疗效,值得临床推广。

Objective:To retrospective analysis the influence of fiberoptic bronchoscopy on the etiological composition and treatment of chronic cough in children in Shangqiu city and surrounding areas of Henan Province.Methods:A total of 435 children with chronic cough received emergency treatment in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2019 were selected,and divided into the control group(212 cases)and the observation group(223 cases)according to the wishes of their families(whether they agreed to fiberoptic bronchoscopy).The patients in the control group were treated with routine respiratory medicine,and the patients in the observation group were examined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy,and corresponding treatment measures were taken according to the diagnostic results.The causes of chronic cough in children of different ages and genders,the general data of the two groups(including gender,age,weight,course of disease,monthly family income),curative effect at discharge,cough symptom score before and after intervention,etc.were recorded and compared.Results:The main cause of chronic cough in children younger than 3 years old was post infection cough(PIC),followed by upper airway cough syndrome(UACS);the main cause of chronic cough in children aged 3~6 years old was upper airway cough syndrome,followed by cough variant asthma(CAV);the main cause of chronic cough in children over 6 years old is CAV,followed by UACS.The main cause of chronic cough in male children was UACS,followed by CAV;and the main cause of chronic cough in female children is PIC,followed by CAV.The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(χ^(2)=8.15,P<0.05).After 2 weeks,1 month and 3 months of intervention,the cough symptom score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The results have statistical significance.Conclusion:UACS,CVA and PIC are the main causes of children’s chronic cough in Shangqiu city and surrounding areas.Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is helpful to clarify the diagnosis of children and improves the curative effect of children’s chronic cough,which is worthy of clinical promotion.