焊接顺序对白车身零件变形影响的CAE分析及验证

CAE Analysis and Verification of Effect of Weld Sequence on Vehicle Geometrical Variation

针对焊接顺序影响白车身结构变形问题,设计了装配间隙可调的U型搭接和双面搭接焊接接头装夹装置。利用耦合节点的方法模拟焊点连接,建立焊接有限元模型,模拟了零件的装夹、焊接过程和焊后零件的回弹过程,分析了不同焊接顺序下的结构变形量。与实验结果对比,证明了仿真模型的可靠性,指导了白车身前盖铰链安装面和地板定位孔结构的焊接顺序优化。研究结果表明,机械力和弹性变形是产生焊接变形的主要原因。仿真模型的建立为车身结构焊接顺序优化提供了可靠的手段和依据。

To study the effect of spot weld sequence on structural geometrical variation of body in white,fixtures of U-section joint and double-direction weld lap joint with adjustable assembly gap was designed.With the weld spot modeled by node-coupling method,the welding finite element model was established with Abaqus software.The weld process was established with clamping and welding step and spring-back step,and the structural geometrical variation under different welding sequences was analyzed.Compared with experimental results,the simulation model was proved to be robust,and be applied to the optimization of welding sequence of chain mounting surface and floor positioning hole structure of body in white.The results show that mechanical force and elastic strain are the main causes of weld-induced geometry variation.The built of finite element model supplied reliable way and basis for the optimization of body structure weld sequence.