正交试验法优化复方玉液汤提取工艺及对小鼠的急性毒性研究

Orthogonal Experiment of Optimizing the Extraction Process of Yuye Decoction and Its Acute Toxicity on Mice

优化玉液汤的提取工艺并考察其对小鼠的急性毒性。通过设置3个考察因素:料液比、药材浸泡时间、提取时间,确立3个评价指标:总皂苷含量、干膏得率、总多糖含量。在此基础上设计正交试验并根据综合评分结果确定玉液汤的最佳提取工艺。按此提取工艺对玉液汤进行回流提取,所得药液进行小鼠的急性毒性研究。小鼠给药后连续观察14 d,在此期间记录小鼠的基本状态、检测各组小鼠血常规和生化指标;取小鼠心、肝、脾、肺、肾计算脏器指数,HE染色观察各组小鼠脏器病理变化。最终确定玉液汤水提工艺最佳条件为:料液比1∶10 g/L、药材浸泡1 h、回流2.5 h。小鼠连续给药14 d内未出现中毒和死亡情况,且给药组与对照组比较,体质量、摄食量、摄水量、血常规、生化指标和各脏器的脏器指数均未有统计学差异;各组小鼠主要脏器病理学未见异常。优化条件下的玉液汤水提工艺含量稳定,且服用安全无毒。

The objective of this work is to optimize the extraction process of Yuye decoction and explore its acute toxicity on mice.Methods include studying the material/liquid ratio,the soaking time of medicinal herbs,and the extracting time.The evaluation factor of this study is the content of total saponins,the dry ointment yield,total polysaccharide content.The best extraction process of Yuye decoction was obtained based on the design of an orthogonal experiment.Reflux extraction of Yuye decoction was carried out according to the above mentioned extraction process,and the acute toxicity of the solution was studied using mice.The mice were observed for 14 days after administration.During this period,the basic state of the mice,blood routine,and biochemical indexes of each group were recorded.The heart,liver,spleen,lung,and kidney of mice were collected to calculate the viscera index,and the pathological changes of viscera were observed by HE staining.Results indicated that the optimal extraction conditions of Yuye decoction were the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶10 g/L,soaking for 1 h,and reflux for 2.5 h.No poisoning or death of mice occurred within 14 days of continuous administration,meanwhile,there were no statistically significant differences in body weight,food intake,water intake,blood routine,biochemical indexes,and organ indexes between the administration group and the control group.No abnormality was found in the pathology of the main organs in each group.In conclusion,the content of Yuye decoction is stable and safe under our optimized conditions.