工商业人权治理的历史回眸与实现路径之展望——暨《工商业与人权指导原则》核可十周年

Historical Review and Prospect of Realization Pathways of Human Rights Governance in Business——The Tenth Anniversary of the Approval ofthe Guiding Principles for Business and Human Rights

在工商业人权治理方面,中国政府将社会主体履行法定义务和承担社会责任纳入《法治社会建设实施纲要(2020—2025)》,将工商企业尊重人权纳入国家人权行动计划、社会责任国家标准、法律文本、投资及贸易政策。但工商业仍然面临“输入型”、“输出型”、“软法”失效以及法治营商环境构建的人权困境。2021年是《工商业与人权:实施联合国“保护、尊重和补救”框架指导原则》核可十周年。以此为契机,对国际社会实施工商业人权治理的历史和中国治理政策理念的转变进行回顾分析。在坚持合作治理的基础上,通过完善和优化人权治理措施来阐释并构建新的治理路径。

In the area of human rights governance in business,the Chinese Government has incorporated the implementation of legal obligations and social responsibilities intothe Outline for the Implementation of the Construction of a Legal Society(2020-2025),and incorporated respect for business and human rights into the National Human Rights Action Plan,national standards for social responsibility,legal texts,investment and trade policies.However,business still faces the human rights dilemma of“input”,“output”and“soft law”and the construction of a business environment governed by law.2021 marks the tenth anniversary of the approval ofBusiness and Human Rights:Implementing the Guiding Principles of the United Nations Framework for Protection,Respect and Remedy.Taking this as an opportunity,this paper reviews and analyzes the history of the implementation of human rights governance in business in the international community and the transformation of China’s governance policy concept.On the basis of adhering to cooperative governance,new governance pathways are explained and constructed by perfecting and optimizing human rights governance measures.