区块链在数字音乐版权管理中应用的挑战与因应

The Challenges and Responses of Applying Blockchain to Copyright Management of Digital Music

数字音乐版权管理涵盖确权、用权、维权三大环节,分别面临版权归属难以确定、版权许可与版税支付壁垒、技术保护与法律保护皆不完美的问题,而区块链具有多方协同、不可篡改、可溯源、可验证、去中心化等特点,其应用可化解数字音乐版权管理的困境;此外,在确权、用权、维权三大环节也分别面临版权虚假主张的验证、实际收益未增加、区块链存证的证据性质未定等新问题。基于对区块链在数字音乐版权管理中应用的场景与挑战分析,提出中国应采取监管沙盒方式进行试验性规制的建议。

The Digital music copyright management covers three links: confirmation of copyright, use of copyright and protection of copyright, respectively facing difficulties in determining the ownership of copyright, barriers to copyright licensing and royalty payment, and imperfect technical and legal protection. Blockchain has the characteristics of multilateral cooperation, non tampering, traceability, verifiability and decentralization which can be helpful to solve the dilemma of copyright management of digital music. In addition, the three major links of confirmation, use and protection of copyright, respectively involve new problems such as the verification of false claims of copyright, no increase in actual income, and the undetermined nature of the evidence deposited on the blockchain. Based on the analysis of the scenarios and challenges of blockchain application in digital music copyright management, this paper proposes that China should adopt the regulatory sandbox for experimental regulation.