特应性皮炎瘙痒机制及相关治疗研究进展

Research and Therapy Progress on the Mechanisms of Pruritus in Atopic Dermatitis

特应性皮炎(atopic dermatitis, AD)是一种慢性复发性炎症性皮肤病,慢性瘙痒是其特征性症状之一。AD瘙痒的发生机制复杂,目前认为与皮肤屏障功能障碍、免疫调节异常及外界环境因素相关;瘙痒-搔抓恶性循环可加重皮肤屏障的破坏、促进皮肤炎症反应及神经失调过程,是AD瘙痒不易控制的原因之一。目前控制AD瘙痒的药物包括外用药物和系统药物,AD瘙痒机制的研究为其治疗提供了新靶点,如IL-4、IL-13、IL-31、JAK、IL-33等。本文就AD瘙痒机制及相关治疗研究进展进行综述。

Atopic dermatitis(AD) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense pruritus. A satisfactory understanding of itch in AD has been proved difficult to reach and the relapsing itch is believed to be primarily a result of dysfunction of the skin barrier, dysregulation of the immune system and multiple environmental factors. Itch-scratch cycle exacerbates skin lesions, promotes inflammation and neurological disorders, and triggers the desire to continue scratching. The current methods of treatment for controlling AD pruritus symptoms include topical and systemic drugs. The exploration on the mechanisms of atopic pruritus has provided novel therapeutic targets, such as IL-4,IL-13,IL-31,JAK,IL-33. The new advances in the mechanism and treatment of itch in AD were systemically reviewed.