典型杀虫剂类内分泌干扰物对水生溞类的毒性效应研究进展

Research Progress on Toxic Effects of Typical Pesticides Endocrine Disruptor on Aquatic Flea

内分泌干扰物(endocrine disrupting chemicals,EDCs),尤其是具有内分泌干扰效应的杀虫剂,因能显著影响水生生物的生长发育和生殖系统,其潜在生态毒性效应引起了人们的广泛关注。溞类在水生生态系统食物链中起着重要的连接作用,更易受到水体中残留的杀虫剂类EDCs的影响,其毒性效应在水生生态系统毒理学研究中有着重要的意义。本文重点综述了杀虫剂类EDCs对溞类产生的生长发育毒性和生殖毒性,从酶活性变化角度分析由此产生的氧化应激和神经毒性,并在基因表达水平上揭示其毒性作用机制,发现杀虫剂类EDCs通过扰乱神经系统和内分泌系统发挥作用,并展望了杀虫剂EDCs在联合毒性、多代效应的研究前景,旨在为研究杀虫剂类EDCs对大型溞的毒性作用和生态环境风险评估提供依据。

Endocrine disrupting chemicals(EDCs),especially pesticides with endocrine disrupting effects,have attracted extensive attention for their potential ecotoxic effects because they can significantly affect the growth,development and reproductive systems of aquatic organisms.Daphnia magna plays an important linkage role in the food chain of aquatic ecosystem,and is more vulnerable to the effects of residual pesticides EDCs in the water column.Their toxic effects are of great significance in the study of aquatic ecosystem toxicology.In this paper,we focus on the growth and developmental toxicity and reproductive toxicity of pesticide EDCs to Daphnia magna,analyze the resulting oxidative stress and neurotoxicity from the perspective of enzyme activity changes,and reveal the mechanism of their toxic effects at the level of gene expression.We find that pesticide EDCs act through disrupting the nervous system and endocrine system.Besides,the research prospects of the combined toxicity and multi-generation effect of the pesticides EDCs were proposed,which providing a basis for further-exploring the toxicity of pesticides EDCs to Daphnia magna and assessing the ecological environment risk.