现代资产阶级社会赋型批判——《德意志意识形态》新探

The Critique of Modern Bourgeois Social Formatting:A New Interpretation of The German Ideology

马克思、恩格斯在《德意志意识形态》中,对现代资产阶级社会的剥削本质进行了深刻的批判,认为资产阶级的社会关系决定现实生活的性质。这是特定的资产阶级社会中的商品—市场经济关系场境存在论。资产阶级社会的生活基础,是一种将一切存在赋型为有特定功用的、可变卖的“效用性”关系,或者说是一种抽象的金钱盘剥关系。与封建专制下的直接剥夺不同,资产阶级为了获得更多的金钱,会利用买卖关系来占有劳动者创造的财富,这就是资产阶级社会特有的剥削关系。在这种特定的剥削关系之上,建立起资产阶级的全部观念意识形态。

In The German Ideology,Marx and Engels made a profound critique of the exploitative essence of modern bourgeois society.They proposed that the bourgeois social relations determine the nature of real life.This is the gestalt ontology of commodity-market economic relations in the specific bourgeois society.The basis of social life in bourgeois society is a kind of utility relationship that formats all existence into a saleable thing with a specific function,or an abstract relationship of money exploitation.Different from the direct expropriation under the feudal autocracy,in order to get more money,the bourgeoisie will use the relationship of buying and selling to occupy the wealth created by the laborers,which is the particular relationship of exploitation in bourgeois society.The whole conceptual ideology of the bourgeoisie is built on this specific exploitative relationship.