2021年全球高致病性禽流感疫情分析

Analysis on Global Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in 2021

为了解2021年全球高致病性禽流感疫情情况,分析其流行趋势,以有效应对疫情发生,从农业农村部(畜牧兽医局)、香港特区卫生防护中心以及台湾地区农业委员会动植物防疫检疫局等官方网站,收集2021年全球高致病性禽流感疫情信息,从时间、空间、群间三个维度进行统计分析。结果显示:2021年全球共有65个国家和地区报告发生高致病性禽流感疫情,疫情数同比增长250.64%;疫情呈现明显的季节性,1月、4—5月、11—12月疫情报告较多,其中12月为疫情高峰;1—8月主要流行H5N8亚型,9月以后H5N1成为主要流行型;欧洲报告的疫情次数最多,其次是亚洲和非洲;感染家禽和野禽种类多,病毒亚型多样。结果表明,2021年全球高致病性禽流感疫情形势十分严峻,我国应及时出台应对措施,强化监测预警,有效防控国内疫情。

In order to investigate the status of global outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza(HPAI)in 2021,to analyze its prevalent trend,then to effectively response to any occurrence of outbreaks,relevant information was collected from official websites of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau),Hong Kong Center for Health Protection and Taiwan Council of Agriculture(Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine),and statistically analyzed by three dimensions :time,space and inter group. The results showed that,HPAI was reported by 65 countries and regions in 2021,with a year-on-year increase of 250.64%;obvious seasonality was observed,especially in January,April-May,November-December,and in December when the outbreak peaked;H5 N8 subtype was mainly prevalent during January-August,while H5 N1 become more dominant after September;most outbreaks were reported in Europe,followed by Asia and Africa;a wide variety of poultry and wild birds were infected with diverse virus subtypes. In conclusion,the status of global outbreak of HPAI was very serious in 2021,countermeasures should be timely developed in China to strengthen surveillance and monitoring and to effectively prevent and control the disease.