干巴菌菌塘周围云南松幼苗菌根真菌的物种多样性及外部形态

Species Diversity and External Mycorrhiza Morphology of Mycorrhizal Fungi in Pinus yunnanensis Seedlings around Thelephora ganbajun Shiro

以干巴菌塘周边点播的云南松幼苗为研究对象,观察并鉴定树龄为1年~3年的云南松幼苗外生菌根大型真菌。菌塘中可清晰观察到大量菌根聚集在云南松侧根上,有的菌根有菌丝缠绕。对采集到的外生菌根真菌进行rDNA ITS片段比对,结果显示共有16种大型真菌,分布于10个种(血红菇、鲜艳乳菇、刺孢拟小垫革菌、Russula brevipileocystidiata、西伯利亚乳牛肝菌、轴腹菌、黄褐乳菇、小豹斑鹅膏、变黑根须腹菌、辛德锁瑚菌)、3个属(红菇属、长毛盘菌属、棉革菌属)和3个科(阿太菌科、火丝菌科、革菌科),同时对菌根外部形态进行了描述。其中红菇属真菌是菌根主要类型,形成菌根频率最高为14.58%;其次为乳菇属真菌,频率为10.42%;但未发现有干巴菌菌根,这可能与干巴菌菌丝发育及形成菌根数量较少,未形成优势菌有关,需要进一步探索影响干巴菌菌根形成、发育的因素,以获得干巴菌菌根苗。

The Pinus yunnanensis seedlings around Thelephora ganbajun shiro were taken as the research object,the symbiotic ectomycorrhizal fungi on one to three year-old seedlings of P.yunnanensis was observed and investigated.It can be clearly observed that a large number of mycorrhiza gather on the lateral roots of P.yunnanensis in the shiro,and and mycelium were wound on some of them.The r DNA ITS sequences of the collected ectomycorrhizal fungi were matched,and the results showed that there were sixteen species of macrofungi,including ten species(Russula sanguinea,Lactarius vividus,Tomentellopsis echinospora,R.brevipileocystidiata,Suillus sibiricus,Hydnangium carneum,L.cinnamomeus,Amanita parvipantherina,Rhizopogon nigrescens and Clavulina thindii),strains belonging to three different genera(Russula,Trichophaea,Tomentella),and strains belonging to three families(Atheliaceae,Pyronemataceae and Thelephoraceae).Meanwhile,the external morphology of the mycorrhizal macrofungi was described.At the same time their external mycorrhiza morphology was described.Species belonging to the genus Russula were the main type of mycorrhiza,the frequency is 14.58%.Followed by Lactarius,the frequency is 10.42%.No Thelephora ganbajun mycorrhiza was found,which may be related to the fact that the mycorrhiza developed and formed by T.ganbajun was small in number and did not form dominant fungi.It is necessary to further explore the factors that affect the formation and development of T.ganbajun mycorrhiza to obtain mycorrhizal seedlings.