从正义到人权:哈里斯对美国政治决策的作用分析

From Justice to Human Rights:an Analysis of Harris’s Role in American Political Decision-making Process

自美国建国以来,副总统在白宫的政治地位已发生巨大提升,其职权重心也由立法系统逐渐向行政系统转移。拜登总统的妥协型决策风格、副总统与总统在政策熟悉领域存在一定重合度、决策团体共同分享基本的价值观念三者决定了哈里斯对总统的决策倾向起到了强化作用。从哈里斯参议院时期的提案与演讲记录可知,其政策关注重心在人权议题,具体表现为司法公正问题、弱势群体不公正待遇问题、公民权利保护问题三个部分,反映出她对正义价值的追求,且与现任政府的政策行动保持有较高一致性。对华人权外交有可能是哈里斯未来施加政策影响的主要方向,在涉华人权议题上,会继续奉行西方价值观,但不排除在其他领域展开合作的可能。

Since the foundation of the United States, the vice president’s political status has been greatly improved, and the focus of his power has been gradually transferred from the legislative system to the administrative system. The compromise decision-making style of President Biden, the degree of overlap between vice President and president in policy areas, and the shared basic values of decision-making groups determined that Harris played a reinforcing role in the president’s decision-making process. Harris’s bills and speech records during her time in the Senate show her policy focus on human rights issues, embodied in judicial justice,unfair treatment of the vulnerable groups, civil rights protection, which reflects her pursuit of justice value,and has high consistency with the current government policy tendency. Human rights diplomacy with China is likely to be the main direction in which Harris will exert policy influence in the future. Harris will continue to adhere to Western values on human rights issues in China, but she will not rule out the possibility of cooperation in other areas.