预浸料工艺制备氧化铝纤维增强氧化铝陶瓷基复合材料

Preparation of Alumina Fiber Reinforced Alumina Ceramic Matrix Composite by Prepreg Process

氧化物/氧化物陶瓷基复合材料的增强体和基体均由氧化物构成,不存在氧化问题,是长寿命高可靠性构件的理想选材,可在1000~1300℃的高温环镜中长期使用。本研究借鉴树脂基复合材料单向纤维湿法预浸料制备工艺,通过配置氧化铝粉体料浆在缠绕式湿法预浸机上制备了单向氧化铝纤维预浸料,然后预浸料经铺层模压和高温热处理获得了氧化铝纤维增强氧化铝陶瓷基复合材料,同时对复合材料性能进行了表征。结果表明,氧化铝粉体料浆的固含量在50%(体积分数,下同),料浆溶剂中水和丙三醇的比例为3:1,纤维的走丝速度为6m/min,滚筒平行进度为0.5mm时可获得无缝隙、无纤维重叠、表面平整光滑的预浸料。通过预浸料铺层热压成型制备的复合材料抗拉强度高达208.2 MPa,抗弯曲强度为386.7 MPa。和料浆涂刷二维纤维布工艺相比,力学性能大幅度提高,且预浸料工艺具有易存储、操作简单、适于工业化生产等优势。

The reinforcement and matrix of the oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composite material are both made of oxide,and there is no oxidation problem.It is an ideal material for long-life and high-reliability components.It can be used for a long time in the high temperature environment,ranging 1000~1300℃.In this study,referring to the unidirectional fiber wet prepreg preparation process of resin matrix composite,the unidirectional fiber wet prepreg was prepared by configuring alumina powder slurry on a winding wet prepreg machine,and then the prepreg was laid.Alumina fiber reinforced alumina ceramic matrix composite material was obtained by la yer molding and high temperature heat treatment,and the properties of the composite materia l were characterized at the same time.The results show that when the solid content of the alumina powder slurry is 50%(volume fraction,the same below),the ratio of water to glycerol in the slurry solvent is 3:1,the wire speed of fiber is 6 m/min,and the parallel progress of the drum is 0.5 mm,the prepreg with no gaps,no fiber overlap,and with smooth surface can be obtained.The tensile strength of the composite material prepared by hot pressing of the prepreg layer is as high as 208.2 MPa,and the bending strength is 386.7 MPa.Compared with the slurry coating process of two-dimensional fiber cloth,the mechanical properties are greatly improved,and the prepreg process has the advantages of easy s torage,simple operation,and suitability for industrial production.