分层普惠:粤港澳大湾区建设背景下的养老福利服务——基于NS区的考察

Stratified and Inclusive Welfare: Elderly Care Services under the Construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA):Based on the Investigation of NS District

优化养老服务内容、完善养老服务体系,有助于满足老年人多元化、多层次的养老服务需求,是新时期积极应对人口老龄化的重要举措。基于对粤港澳大湾区NS区的养老福利服务的考察,认为NS区在提供养老服务、构建养老服务体系的过程中,尝试弥合城市居民与农村农民、本地人口与城市新移民、内地人口与港澳同胞的养老服务差距,夯实基本养老服务内容,逐渐发展为分层普惠型养老服务模式。这种新的养老服务模式将促进粤港澳三地协同合作,促进跨境养老服务的有效衔接,推动大湾区养老事业发展。同时,该模式是对人类需求本位的福利供给模式一定程度的回归,体现了新时期我国探索社会福利均衡发展、基本公共服务均等化的努力。

Improvement of elderly care services and system will help meet diversified and multi-level needs of services for the elderly, which is important for responding to population aging in the new era. Based on the investigation of NS district in the GBA, it is found that when providing services and building systems for the aged, NS district tries to bridge the gap between urban residents and rural farmers, local population and new urban immigrants, mainland population and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao. Besides, it strengthens basic elderly care services, thus gradually forming a stratified and inclusive model. The new model will enhance the cooperation of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, facilitate effective connection with cross-border services and promote care programs for elders in the GBA. Meanwhile, it is somehow a return to the human demandbased welfare supply model and an effort of China that makes access to social welfare and basic public services more equal in the new era.