新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州一起肉毒梭菌食物中毒事件的溯源调查分析

Tracing investigation and analysis of a Clostridium botulinum food poisoning incident in Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang

分析新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州一起肉毒梭菌食物中毒事件,探究中毒事件发生原因,明确诊断,为临床治疗提供技术支持。应用食品安全事故流行病学方法调查食物中毒事件中病例的基本信息、临床表现,采集自制腐乳和粪便灌洗液,经增菌培养后应用实时荧光定量PCR法检测样本中肉毒毒素编码基因,并进行菌株分离、纯化。对分离到的5株肉毒梭菌经肉毒毒素检测和基因检测验证后,进一步进行PFGE分型。此次中毒事件中2份自制腐乳和3例患者的粪便灌洗液标本均分离到A型肉毒梭菌,并得到了毒素检测和基因检测验证,5株肉毒梭菌的PFGE图谱DNA同源性为100%,可判定是一起因食用被A型肉毒梭菌污染的自制腐乳而引起的肉毒中毒事件。

To analyze a suspected case of Clostridium botulinum food poisoning in Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang and to help validating the diagnosis and providing technical support for clinical treatment.The basic information and clinical manifestations of food poisoning cases were investigated by using the epidemiological method of food safety accidents.The botulinum toxin genes in the samples were detected by real‑time PCR and inoculation of KM mouse.The enriched bacteria were further purified and validated.PFGE and cluster analysis were performed on five isolates.Clostridium botulinum type A was detected in two homemade fermented bean samples and stool lavage fluid samples of three patients from enriched samples by toxin test and real‑time PCR,and were further validated after isolation of Clostridium botulinum.PFGE showed 100%homology among five isolates.Five isolates of bacteria isolated from the stool lavage fluid of three patients and two homemade fermented bean curd were identified as the same source through PFGE.The cause of this food poisoning cases is food pollution of Clostridium botulinum type A.