突发公共卫生事件中应急治理的法治化保障

Studying on the Legal Guarantee for Emergency Governance in Public Health Emergencies

突发公共卫生事件中公民、法人以及其他组织会受到相应的立法和行政上的暂时性权益限制。应急治理之下的紧急行政权力与个人权益是更加紧密的相互依存关系。行政紧急措施是为了保护整个社会的公共利益,但仍需保障个体最低限度的权益,防止行政恣意侵害。公众通过承担服从者、受益者、参与者、监督者等角色,实现了多主体参与的基层公共卫生治理。最后,应当遵循行政法上的比例原则,规范行政应急程序与指导,及时追究违法行政法律责任,设置行政诉讼紧急审理程序,实现公共卫生应急治理的法治化。

Citizens,legal persons and other organizations in public health emergencies will be subject to corresponding temporary legislative and administrative rights restrictions.Emergency administrative power and personal rights and interests are more closely interdependent under emergency governance.Administrative emergency measures are to protect the public interest of the entire society,but it is still necessary to protect the minimum rights and interests of individuals to prevent arbitrary infringements.By assuming the roles of obeyers,beneficiaries,participants and supervisors,the public has realized multi-participatory grassroots public health governance.Finally,it is necessary to follow the principle of proportionality in administrative law,standardize administrative emergency procedures and guidance,promptly investigate illegal administrative legal responsibilities,and set up emergency procedures for administrative litigation,so as to realize the legalization of public health emergency governance.