太白贝母传粉生物学特征

The Characteristics of Pollination Biology of Fritillariae taipaiensis P.Y.Li

为了探究太白贝母(Fritillariae taipaiensis P.Y.Li)传粉生物学特征对其物种遗传稳定性的影响,本试验对太白贝母花朵不同开放状态的花粉活力、柱头可授性、花蜜分泌量和浓度进行测定,观察访花昆虫的种类和数量,并对其花粉粒进行孢粉学研究。结果表明,太白贝母开花2~3 d的花粉活力最高,花粉粒属淀粉型;开花4 d的柱头可授性最强,西方蜜蜂(Apis mellifera Linnaeus)访花群体数量最大;花粉粒极面观为椭球形,花粉大小为中等类型,为异级花粉类型,极轴与赤道轴比值(P/E)为0.71。本研究可为太白贝母的杂交育种和产品开发奠定基础。

In order to expl ore the influence of pollination characteristics on the genetic stability of Fritillariae taipaiensis P.Y.Li.The pollen viability and stigma receptivity of F.taipaiensis flowers in different flowering states were measured.The nectar secretion and nectar concentration were measured,the species and quantity of flower visiting insects were observed,and the pollen grains were studied.The results showed that the activity of pollen vitality was highest after flowering 2~3 days.The pollen grains of F.taipaiensis belongs to starch type and the receptivity of stigma was strongest at the 4thday after flowering.The pollen grains of F.taipaiensis were ellipsoid in polar view,the pollen size was medium,its pollen type belongs to the heteropolor,and the ratio of polar axis to equatorial axis(P/E)is 0.71.This research can lay a foundation for the cross breeding and product development of F.taipaiensis.