从广义论证的视角看《论衡》的说理规则

The Rules of Argumentation in Lun Heng:From the Perspective of Generalized Argumentation

王充,两汉相交之际的著名学者,其著作《论衡》是中国中古时期论证研究的重镇,对当今的论证研究有着重要参考价值。对于《论衡》的研究,以往多关注内容而较少涉及论证。然而,从《论衡》的论证规则和论证策略出发回答其有效性的来源,从而推进对《论衡》思想的确认和理解,构成了《论衡》乃至王充思想研究的核心问题。为此,对《论衡》的研究需要引入广义论证理论下的“以中释中”程序,聚焦两汉社会背景,从语境理解规则、功能规则、表达规则及分块规则出发,系统回答《论衡》的生效性从何而来的问题。

Wang Chong, a famous scholar at the intersection of the two Han dynasties, wrote Lun Heng, a major study of argumentation in medieval China, which has significant value for the study of argumentation today. In the past,the study of Lun Heng has focused more on content and less on argumentation. However, responding to the sources of the validity of Lun Heng from the rules and strategies of argumentation, and thus advancing the identification and understanding of the ideas of Lun Heng, constitutes the core issue of the study of this book and even Wang Chong’s thought.Thus, the study of Lun Heng ought to introduce the procedure of“explaining Chinese issues with Chinese approaches”while utilizing the generalized argumentation theory, and focus on the social background of the two Han dynasties. Furthermore, it should systematically answer the question of where the validity of Lun Heng originates from with the perspectives of discourse comprehension rules, function rules, expression rules and division rules.