世界主要国家和地区食盐加碘概况及人群碘营养状况

General situation of salt iodization and iodine nutritional status of people in major countries and regions in the world

食盐加碘是消除碘缺乏病最根本、安全、经济、简便的措施,全球约有120个国家(地区)采取了强制食盐加碘策略。尽管全球大部分国家(地区)实施了食盐加碘策略,但由于推广低盐饮食的健康策略,碘缺乏病仍是威胁人类健康的重要公共卫生问题。此外,部分国家(地区)存在碘营养过量。因此,科学补碘成为世界各国(地区)共同关注的公共卫生问题。建议结合各国(地区)居民膳食结构和自然环境碘水平,科学制定食盐碘含量。

Salt iodization is the most fundamental,safe,economical and simple measure to eliminate iodine deficiency disorders(IDD).About 120 countries(regions)around the world have adopted the strategy of compulsory salt iodization.Although most countries(regions)in the world have implemented the strategy of salt iodization,IDD is still an important public health problem threatening human health due to the health strategy of promoting low salt diet.In addition,there are excessive iodine intakes in some countries(regions).Therefore,scientific iodine supplement has become a public health issue of common concern all over the world.It is necessary to scientifically formulate the iodine content in salt in combination with the dietary structure of residents and the iodine level of natural environment.