2015-2019年北京市顺义区15岁以下学生和幼托儿童传染病发病特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases among students under 15 years old and kindergarten children in Shunyi district of Beijing,2015-2019

目的了解2015-2019年北京市顺义区15岁以下学生、幼托儿童(以下简称为学生)传染病发病特征,为辖区学校、幼儿园传染病防控工作提供科学依据。方法收集整理顺义区2015-2019年传染病报告和日常疫情处理的学生相关资料进行统计分析。结果2015-2019年顺义区共报告学生相关传染病11853例,年均报告发病率为2094.13/10万,高于全人群年均报告发病率812.35/10万(χ^(2)=1811.62,P<0.05),发病率的总体趋势表现为波动上升;男女发病率有统计学意义(χ^(2)=66.42,P<0.05);学生传染病报告平均发病率居前3位的镇、街道均处于顺义区机场附近城乡结合部。结论2015-2019年顺义区报告的学生传染病总体发病率趋势表现为波动上升,主要分布在城乡结合部的学校和幼托机构,亟需加强传染病健康知识的宣传教育,并落实相关防控措施。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases among students under 15 years of age and preschool children hereinafte“students”in Shunyi district,Beijing from 2015 to 2019,and to provide scientific basis for making strategy and preventing and control of infectious diseases.Methods Infectious disease reports and daily epidemic management information among students under 15 years of age and preschool children in Shunyi district from 2015 to 2019 were collected,sorted and analyzed.Results From 2015 to 2019,a total of 11853 cases of infectious diseases among students under 15 years of age and preschool children were reported in Shunyi district,with an annual average reported incidence of 2094.13/100000,which was higher than that of 812.35/100000 for the whole population(χ^(2)=1761.34,P<0.05).The incidence rate showed a fluctuating upwards trend.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of different genders(χ^(2)=66.42,P<0.05).The top 3 towns and streets with the highest average incidence of infectious diseases among students under 15 years and preschool children were all located in the urban and rural fringe area near the airport of Shunyi district.Conclusions In the past five years,the reports of infectious diseases among students under 15 years old and preschool children in Shunyi district have generally shown a fluctuating upward trend,mainly concentrated in schools and kindergartens in the urban-rural fringes.It is recommended to strengthen infectious disease education and implement prevention and control measures in these areas.