Nanostructure@metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)for catalytic carbon dioxide(CO_(2))conversion in photocatalysis,electrocatalysis,and thermal catalysis

The catalytic conversion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))into high value-added chemicals is of great significance to address the pressing carbon cycle issues.Reticular chemistry of metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)-based materials exhibits great potential and effectiveness to face CO_(2)challenge from capture to conversion.To date,the integrated nanocomposites of nanostructure and MOF have emerged as a powerful heterogeneous catalysts featured with multifold advantages including synergistic effects between the two interfaces,confinement effect of meso-and micropores,tandem reaction triggered by multiple active sites,high stability and dispersion,and so on.Given burgeoning carbon cycle and nanostructure@MOFs,this review highlights some of important advancements to provide a full understanding on the synthesis and design of nanostructure@MOFs composites to facilitate carbon cycle through CO_(2)photocatalytic,electrocatalytic,and thermal conversion.Afterward,the catalytic applications of some representative nanostructure@MOFs composites are categorized,in which the origin of activity or structure-activity relationship is summarized.Finally,the opportunities and challenges are proposed for inspiring the future development of nanostructure@MOFs composites for carbon cycle.