微塑料吸附有机污染物的研究进展

Research progress on sorption of organic pollutants by microplastics

微塑料作为一种新型环境污染物在全球环境介质中普遍存在,其存在可能会影响传统有机污染物的分布、迁移和环境归趋.微塑料本身具有强疏水特性和较大的比表面积,使其能够有效地吸附有机污染物并将其输送到生物体内,从而改变微塑料潜在的环境风险.微塑料与有机污染物之间的相互作用机制主要受二者自身的理化性质,及溶液pH、温度、盐度、溶解性有机质和老化作用等环境因素的影响.本文从微塑料的基本特性、与有机污染物的作用机制、环境影响因素,以及二者复合对有机污染物生物有效性的影响等方面进行了综述,并提出微塑料与有机污染物相互作用研究中亟需解决的问题和未来的研究方向.

As a new type of environmental pollutant,microplastics are ubiquitous in global environmental media.Their presence can change the distribution,transportation and environmental fate of traditional organic pollutants.Microplastics have strong hydrophobic properties and large specific surface areas,which enables them to effectively sorb organic pollutants and later transport into organisms,thereby altering the potential environmental risks of both microplastics and the associated organic pollutants.The interaction mechanisms between microplastics and organic pollutants are mainly affected by their physical and chemical properties,as well as environmental influential factors such as pH,temperature,salinity,dissolved organic matter,and aging time.This paper reviews the basic characteristics of microplastics,the interaction mechanisms between microplastics and organic pollutants,effects of environmental influential factors,and the bioavailability of organic pollutants with the presence of microplastics,and finally puts forward the issues related to the interactions between microplastics and organic pollutants that needed for future studies.