金属有机骨架材料吸附与荧光检测水中持久性有毒有机污染物的研究与应用

Highly efficient adsorption and fluorescence detection of persistent toxic organic pollutants in water with MOFs:A review

近年来,环境中的持久性有毒有机污染物(persistent toxic organic substances,PTOS)因具有毒性高、生物累积性、致癌致突变性和内分泌干扰等特性引起了广泛关注,但是其在水环境介质中含量低、可与其他物质发生相互作用、迁移转化能力强等特点为其高效分离去除和快速的痕量分析检测带来了挑战.因此,开发新材料、新技术、新方法用于水中PTOS的高效分离去除、建立其快速的痕量分析检测方法对于水环境保护、再生水安全利用以及PTOS的环境风险评价具有重要意义.相对于传统的吸附材料,金属有机骨架材料(metal organic frameworks,MOFs)由于其较高的孔隙率和比表面积,易调控的孔径,大量的活性位点、可功能化以及具有良好的发光特性等优点,在吸附去除和分析检测环境中PTOS表现出优异性能.本文综述了MOFs、功能化MOFs以及MOFs衍生物材料在水溶液中吸附去除PTOS的研究与应用进展,归纳总结相应的吸附机理,特别对如何通过功能化手段来提高MOFs材料对PTOS的吸附性能进行了讨论.同时,本文还对基于吸附的荧光传感方法检测PTOS进行了归纳总结,对未来MOFs材料在吸附去除和检测水环境中PTOS方面的应用进行了展望.

Persistent Toxic Organic Substances(PTOS)have aroused extensive concerns due to their bioaccumulation,long-distance transmission,carcinogenicity,mutagenicity and endocrine disturbance.However,owning to their low content,co-existing with other substances and easy migration and transformation in environmental media,highly efficient removing them from water and their rapid and trace detection techniques are becoming emergence for water environment protection,safe utilization of recycled-water and their environmental risk assessment.Compared to traditional adsorption materials,MOFs synthesized via the self-assembling combination of metals and organic ligands are considered as potential highly efficient adsorbents to removal and detection of PTOS from water due to their high specific surface areas,good adsorption performance,tunable porosity,modifiable structures,and great fluorescence property.In this paper,we comprehensively summarized the development of MOFs,functional MOFs and MOFs derivative materials applied in adsorptive removal of PTOS from aqueous solution.We discussed the adsorptive purifications of contaminated water with MOFs materials and the mechanism of adsorption of various PTOS by MOFs materials.In particularly,in order to improve the adsorption capacity of MOFs materials to PTOS,the strategies of functionalizing MOFs were comprehensively summarized.In addition,the fluorescence sensing methods for detecting PTOS based on the adsorption of PTOS with MOFs are summarized.Finally,the challenges of further application of MOFs materials in adsorption and removal of PTOS from water are briefly commented,and the future research prospects in this field are prospected.