嵌入与发展:绿色农业成功运行的地方实践——基于皖中W村的案例对比研究

Embedding and Development:Local Practices for Successful Operation of Green Agriculture:A Comparative Case Study of W village in Central Anhui Province

发展绿色农业是乡村产业振兴的重要举措,而绿色农业进入乡村却遭遇诸多困难。通过对皖中乡村绿色农业发展实践的两次调查与对比分析,研究发现:外源型绿色农业由政府外力自上而下推动,乡村内部力量参与不足,导致绿色农业脱嵌于地方社会而失败。内生型绿色农业则由乡村精英自下而上发起,政府扶持,借助多元主体参与的组织整合机制、高效的技术扩散体系、稳定的市场连续体、传统生计文化的传承与活化,内生型绿色农业成功嵌入地方社会,并实现绿色产业与乡村社会发展的共赢。发展绿色农业应在尊重农民主体性,兼顾农村经济社会多样性的基础上,处理好政府、市场等外力的有效嵌入,处理好内外力量之间的协作。

Green agriculture is an important measure for rural industry revitalization.However,when the green agriculture comes into the rural society,it encounters many difficulties.Through two field investigations and comparative analyses of the practices of green agricultural development projects in villages of central Anhui province,the research finds out that the exogenous green agriculture project is promoted from top to bottom by external forces and the lack of participation of rural internal forces leads to the failure of green agriculture in local society.Endogenous green agriculture is initiated from bottom to top by rural elites and is supported by the government.With the help of the organization and integration mechanism involving multiple main bodies,efficient technology diffusion system,stable market continuum and inheritance and activation of traditional livelihood culture,endogenous green agriculture has been successfully embedded in local society and achieved a win-win situation between green industry and rural social development.On the basis of respecting farmers'subjectivity and taking into account the diversity of rural economy and society,the development of green agriculture should handle carefully and skillfully the effective embedding of external forces such as the government and the market and the cooperation between internal and external forces.