现代“形式”意识的自觉——以王国维“古雅”说为中心

Consciousness of Modern Form—Focusing on the Form Meaning of Wang Guowei′s Guya Concept

文学的形式并非单纯指具体的文体,而是指人类的心灵呈现出来的其所感知的世界的样态。诗之于古典世界,小说之于现代世界,都是一种特定的心灵赋形活动。王国维以“古雅”对中国传统的古典文学形态进行了全新的形式提炼,“古雅”以其日常的普遍性显示了古典世界的总体性特质,“古雅”的叙事形态则为现代世界的赋形活动做好了铺垫。“古雅”在古典和现代之间搭起了一座沟通的桥梁,为中国文学真正实现由古典向现代的转型提供了可能。

Literature forms are not only concrete literary styles but also world modality presented by human heart according to their senses.Poetry to a classical world and novel to a modern one are both specific activities of this kind of heart defining forms.Wang Guowei extracted Chinese traditional literature modality into a brand new form called with the concept Guya.Guya represented the integrity of a classical world with its ordinary universality.Its narrative form built a good foundation for defining the modern world form.Futhermore,Guya bridged classics and modernity and thus made it possible for Chinese literature classics to transform into modernity.