某油气处理终端厂职业接触苯健康风险评估

Health Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Benzene in an Oil and Gas Treatment Terminal Plant

了解工作场所和作业人员的苯暴露水平,为苯致职业健康风险管理和制定预防控制对策提供技术支撑。选择某油气处理终端厂作为研究对象,分别对其正常生产和停产大修两种不同工况下进行工作场所苯识别和检测,并统计分析血常规敏感指标的年度变化趋势及接触苯的职业病危害作业分级。该厂在正常生产工况下,各采样点的苯C_(STE,苯)<0.2 mg/m^(3)和各岗位的苯C_(TWA,苯)<0.004 mg/m^(3);在停产大修工况下,生产操作和仪表操作的苯C_(TWA,苯)最大检测结果仅为0.01 mg/m^(3)和0.03 mg/m^(3),其余岗位的苯C_(TWA,苯)<0.004 mg/m^(3)和各采样点的苯C_(STE,苯)<0.2 mg/m^(3);接触苯人群的体检血常规敏感指标(白细胞、中性粒细胞及血小板计数)在2008、2013和2018年的检出水平略有变化,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各岗位在两种工况下接触苯作业均属于相对无害作业(作业分级指数G<1.0)。在正常生产工况与停产大修工况下,该厂各岗位接触苯作业危害分级为相对无害作业(即对劳动者健康不会产生明显影响),应继续保持目前的作业方式和防护措施。

To understand the exposure level of benzene for workplace and laborer,provide technical support for occupational health risk management and its control policy.To take an oil and gas treatment terminal plant as the research object,identify and detect benzene in the workplace under two different working conditions:normal production and shutdown overhaul,which be studied respectively.Then the developing trends of sensitive indicators for benzene in blood routin exposure were statistically analyzed and the occupational hazard for benzene was graded.Under the condition of normal production,all C_(STE,benzene)<0.2 mg/m^(3) and all C_(TWA,benzene)<0.004 mg/m^(3).And yet the maximum of C_(TWA,benzene) were only 0.01 mg/m^(3)(production operation)and 0.03 mg/m^(3)(instrument operation),others C_(TWA,benzene)<0.004 mg/m^(3) and all C_(STE,benzene)<0.2 mg/m^(3) under the condition of shutdown overhaul.The detection levels of sensitive indicators(the counts of leukocyte,neutrophil and platelet)for benzene in blood routine changed slightly in 2008,2013 and 2018,but the difference was not statistically signif icant(P>0.05).All post exposed to benzene under two working conditions belong to relatively harmless operations(G<1.0).Under the conditions of normal production and shutdown overhaul,the hazards of benzene exposure for each post in the plant are classif ied as relatively harmless operations,which means that will be no signif icant impact on workers’health,so that the current operation methods and protective measures should be maintained.