堆肥调控作物根际微生物组抑制植物病害的研究进展

Advances in Compost Regulation of Rhizospheric Microbiome to Suppress Plant Diseases

我国有机废弃物总量大、养分储量高,是提高农田生态系统服务功能的重要资源。好氧发酵能够较容易地实现有机废弃物处理与资源化转化,发酵产物堆肥常对多种植物病害具有抑制作用。回顾了近年来堆肥抑病方面的研究进展,重点关注堆肥对根际微生物组结构和功能的调控作用及潜在调控途径,探讨了堆肥微生物组与土壤和根际微生物组的差异,堆肥对土壤物理生物化学特性的影响及生物非生物环境因子对根际微生物组的影响,旨为“堆肥-土壤-植物根际微生物组”互作系统提供初步认识。

In China,huge amount of organic wastes is produced annually and it contains large quantity of nutrients and might serve as an important resource to enhance ecological services in agroecosystem.Aerobic fermentation is a widely used method for the treatment of organic waste and resource transformation,and composting may inhibit many plant diseases.In this review,we summarized recent progress in the mechanism of the disease suppressive of composts,focusing on its regulatory effects on the structures and functions of rhizosphere microbiome as well as potential regulatory pathways.We discussed the differences between composting microbiome and soil rhizosphere microbiome,effects of composting on soil biological and physicochemical properties,and biological and abiotic environmental factors on rhizosphere microbiome.This relevant summary might provide some primary understanding of the interaction system among compost,soil and plant rhizosphere microbiome.