数字货币的内涵界定和本质分析——基于马克思的货币理论

On Connotation Definition and Essence Analysis of Digital Currency:Based on Marx’s Monetary Theory

数字货币概念范畴的清晰界定是理论分析的前提。数字货币和货币数字化是两个不同的概念,数字货币特指以区块链为底层技术的加密货币。数字货币系统构想起源于电子货币安全、高效、匿名转移支付的需求,随着技术的发展和完善,去中心化的价值转移支付系统即比特币系统诞生,标志着数字货币走向成熟。数字货币本质上是自身系统内生的工作量证明,其数量由系统规则自身决定,不受外在经济关系影响。因此,数字货币本质上不是货币,而是代表了未来数字经济时代一种新的技术关系和生产关系变革趋势。对数字货币不能是抽象的探讨,应当从技术属性、生产关系属性、交易模式、应用场景等多个维度进行深入研究。

A clear definition of the conceptual scope of digital currency is a prerequisite for theoretical analysis.Digital currency and currency digitization are two different concepts,and digital currency specifically refers to cryptocurrency with blockchain as the underlying technology.The concept of digital currency system originated from the need for secure,efficient and anonymous transfer payments of electronic money,and with the development and improvement of technology,the decentralized value transfer payment system,namely Bitcoin system,was born,marking the maturity of digital currency.Digital currencies are essentially proofs of workload endogenous to their own systems,and their quantities are determined by the rules of the system itself,independent of external economic relationships.Therefore,digital currency is not money in essence,but represents a new trend of technological relationship and production relationship change in the future digital economy era.The digital currency cannot be an abstract exploration,but should be studied in depth from multiple dimensions such as technical attributes,production relationship attributes,transaction mode,and application scenarios.